Arc Crater

Definition:
An arc crater is a depression formed in the metal at the point where an electric arc has been maintained during welding.

Details:

Formation:
Arc craters are created by the intense heat generated at the electrode tip, which melts the metal, causing it to depress or form a crater.
In Arc Welding:
When the arc is terminated or interrupted, the rapid cooling and solidification of the molten metal can leave a depression or pit in the weld metal.
Effects:
If not properly managed, arc craters can lead to defects in the weld, such as cracks or weak points, which can compromise the strength and integrity of the welded joint.
Mitigation:
Techniques such as backfilling or slowly reducing the welding current towards the end of a weld can help fill the crater and avoid leaving a depression.
Specialized welding techniques and equipment settings can also be employed to minimize the formation of arc craters.

Managing arc craters effectively is important to ensure the quality and durability of welds in various welding applications.